Other schemes in NICAM

Surface flux scheme

• Louis J., 1979: A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 17, 187-202.
• Uno I., X. M. Cai, D. G. Steyn, and S. Emori, 1995: A simple extension of the Louis method for rough surface layer modelling. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 76, 395-409.

Land surface model (MATSIRO)

• Takata, K., S. Emori, and T. Watanabe, 2003: Development of the minimal advanced treatments of surface interaction and runoff. Global Planet. Change, 38, 209-222.

Radiation scheme (MSTRNX)

• Sekiguchi, M. and T. Nakajima (2008): A k-distribution-based radiation code and its computational optimization for an atmospheric general circulation model. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 109, Issues 17-18, 2779-2793, doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2008.07.013
• Sekiguchi, M., and T. Nakajima, 2006: The development of new radiation code for CCSR/NIES AGCM. Proc. Int. Radiation Symp., Busan, South Korea, Int. Radiation Commission, 17-18.

Turbulent scheme (MY level2, MYNN)

• Mellor, G. L., and T. Yamada, 1974: A hierarchy of turbulence closure models for planetary boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci., 31, 1791-1806.
• Mellor, G. L., and T. Yamada, 1982. Development of a turbulent closure model for geophysical fluid problems. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 20, 851-875.
• Nakanishi, M., and H. Niino, 2004: An improved Mellor-Yamada level-3 model with condensation physics: Its design and verification. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 112, 1-31.
• Nakanishi, M. and H. Niino, 2006: An improved Mellor-Yamada level-3 model: Its numerical stability and application to a regional prediction of advection fog. Bound.-Layer Meteor.,119, 397-407.

Aerosol transport model (SPRINTARS)

• Suzuki, K., T. Nakajima, M. Satoh, H. Tomita, T. Takemura, T. Y. Nakajima, and G. L. Stephens (2008): Global cloud-system-resolving simulation of aerosol effect on warm clouds. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L19817, doi:10.1029/2008GL035449.
• Takemura, T., H. Okamoto, Y. Maruyama, A. Numaguti, A. Higurashi, and T. Nakajima, 2000: Global three-dimensional simulation of aerosol optical thickness distribution of various origins, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17853-17873.
• Takemura, T., T. Nakajima, O. Dubovik, B. N. Holben, and S. Kinne, 2002: Single scattering albedo and radiative forcing of various aerosol species with a global three dimensional model, J. Climate, 15, 333-352.